2.
  -2024
..  
 
:      :75
:    -    ,        
             
-
1.   ?        
2.    ?    -       
 
-
3.       -     
4.      ?       -  
   
-
5.        
  ?   

6.          ?    
2.
-
7.           
8.          
2.
  -2024
..  
 
:      :75
:    -    ,        
             
-
1.   ?        
::   
        , 
,      
          ,     - 
           ""    

 
   ,            
   
           
;  
 ,            
             -   
,     
20
   ,     '      
          .     
        
 ,    
   '              
 
        ,      

   
      
    :   
2.
       
 -        
                
  - ,      
1.   
       ,          ,
  ,    '  ,         
    ,            
    
 -    ,     
     :
                 
   '        
  ,             
             
    '         ,    
  
2.   
  , ,  ,            
;          ,       
   
      :
 (     )   ( )   -
         '    
        '       
     ,          ,  
      ,  
  
,    
  -          
     :
1.    :        
2.    :          
    
   ,       


2.
3.   
,                
                , 
                
  ,          
 
         :
         ,   
         
  ,     ,        
      -          '  
         
 ,   
 
 
4.   
    , ,          
                  
,        
     :
             
             '   
   '  
  -      '  

5.   
   
               
        ? ,   !
    :
 , ,             
  
              
 , ,           - 
    
 
2.
  
           
     
    :
    :
  
     
      
     
 
  
       
       


  ,   
        
 -  
    , ,        

:     
           :
- 
     
 -     :
2.
1. :     ,      
  
2.  :    ()   () 
 

3.   :    
    
     
4.  :      
       

            , 
           , , ,
    , 
          
-   -  ,  ,        
  ,    
  ,     
 ,  
   ,        
2.    ?    -       
  :󷨰󷨱󷨲󷨳󷨴󷨵 :     
   
  '        ,     
   
      -
    
   
, ,      
  ,  
 
  
  ,     
   
     ,  ,    , 
    ,              
       
       
 
     
 -           
 ,        ,  
 ,  
 
  
󷊆󷊇   ?
          
     
           
2.
  ,       
  ,            
   
  ,            
  :     "" 



:              
           ,       -
     ,    
     
󹵈󹵉󹵊   
      '    :
1.  - -      ,     
2.  -     
3.  -         
4.  -   ,     
  
 -         
󹺔󹺒󹺓   
 
 ?     ,           
        
1.  
        
      
:            
2.  
        
           
:            ,
    
3.   
      
   
   
,     
:            
2.
4.    
        
:           ,   
  

5.  
           
          
6.  
 ,           
:          '   
7.   
     ,     
:          ,   
  
8.  
 ,  ,          
: -        
 
9.   
, ,        
10.  
  ,  ,      



:               
        ,         
     ,          
   , "  "
󷈷󷈸󷈹󷈺󷈻󷈼    
       
   ,     
           
2.
1.   
        


,       
2.    
      
:            
    
3.    
,       
 
:  "   "  ,       
 
4.  
, ,           
:            
    
5.     
,  -,    

 
6.    
             ; 
  
7.    
 , -      
8.  
      
:      ,       

9. -
2.
 ,     
:            
      
10.   
    
         



:             
          ,      
   ,      ,       
󼩺󼩻  -   
  
  
 
,  , 
 
  ,  
  
   ,   
 
 ,    
 
  ,    
 
    
  
, , 
  
   ,  
 
 ,  
 
 ,  
󷇮󷇭   -  
:              
     
:             
        
:             
       
 :     ,         
  
󹶓󹶔󹶕󹶖󹶗󹶘:      ,     
2.
    
 -     '      
   ,             '   
,     ,      
       : ", ,      "
 ,  
 ,  ,   ,  :   
 
        ,      ,     
 
-
3.       -     
:       
      '  ,      ,   
   ,        ,  -   
  ,    , ,   
    
       -     ,       ,
     '          
       ,       ,  
          
 
      
      
              , 
    ,     ,       
       ,     ,   
   
 
1. :  
          ,        
       :
 :   
      
 
  
  ,      
     ,   
 ,            , 
            ,  
   
2.
 :     , , ,    
       ,      
        
   ' ,             
              , 
 ,      
       
 
2.   -:     
             -
,   ,           
  
         
 ,   ,   ,      

 ,         '  ,    ' 
      ,       
             
  ,           
3.   :  
     ,          ,
    ,           -    
       
             
   ,        
 
    '     ,     
     
,      ,     
       
  ,  ,  ,        
           
2.
4.   :   
              , 
      ,         -  
, ,    -    
         
 '       
         
 ,    
          
 ,            ,
        
5.  :   
       : , , , ,  
 ,      ,   
              
       ,       
 
 -,  -,      
         
6.     
,            
       ,   ,     
   :           
   :       
, , , ,  - (SMART)     
  
   ,        , 
   
7.    
2.
          '   
  ,        
            
       
  
 ,  
 ,   

 
             
 
8.  
              :
:     '   
 
:       
/:         

         ,     
       
9.    
 ,          
            :
          
 
           
          '      
10.    
 ,          :
 :      
 
 :           
- :      
 
           ,   
   
   
2.
     
      
 ,
    ,       
            -    
  ,    '   
 ,      ,  ,    
 '            
     
:        
  
    -       
      ,   '          
   

 ,       
    - ,
, , ,  , ,  ,   
 -     

       
2.
   ,             
  ,     ,     
 ,               
         ,      
  
4.      ?       -  
   
:󷙐󷙑󷙒󷙓󷙔󷙕  :    -  
                , 
 ,  ,               
,      ,       
      
 
    ,       
  ,  
   
        :  (  ) 
 ?  
     ?         ,     
    ?
,                
  ,           ,     
  :      ( -) 
      ,          
󷊆󷊇  ?
  , -            ,
   
  :      
   ,       
  
  :      ,       
 
   :             
 ,           
  :  
,   , -, ,   
     
2.



:             ,  
       ,  , ,  --  
       
󽁗    
󹶓󹶔󹶕󹶖󹶗󹶘  
     (    )   
            
   :󷷑󷷒󷷓󷷔      
       
    
          ,    
  
         ,      
   
󷘧󷘨   
:       ,         
   ,        
:              , 
 
,     
:      ,  " "  , ,  
  

:    
        ,  100% ' 
  
 
,        ,      
" "  ,        
󷈷󷈸󷈹󷈺󷈻󷈼  
      ,       ,  


      :   , "     
!"
󽁔󽁕󽁖  
 
       
   ,   ' ,  "
  " '   
2.
  (        )   
,       

 
           (  
 )  
  



:           -   , 
        ',      

󹼛󹼗󹼘󹼙󹼚  - (-) 
󹶓󹶔󹶕󹶖󹶗󹶘  
- ,  -     ,    
       
   :󷷑󷷒󷷓󷷔     
 -     
      
  ,            ,  
   
    
󷘧󷘨   
:
o          ,     
 
o      ,         
  
:
o ""        
o ,           
       
o ,         
 

:            
     ,       
   
 
󷈷󷈸󷈹󷈺󷈻󷈼  
         
,   
            
 
      
        
  
2.
󽁔󽁕󽁖  
    '     
  ,   
      '   

       ,   
   
            
(, , ) 
  



:             
 
 ,           
    
          
󼩺󼩻  -    - 

  
- 

 ,  
 


       
     

 
 

    ,   
 
 ""  ,    
 

    
  
, -  
  

      


      

󷇮󷇭  
  
      
 -      :
:     -       
       
-:     
,       

:           
    
  :           , 
       
󹶓󹶔󹶕󹶖󹶗󹶘:    
2.
    
 -          

            ,   
  
         
  ,                 
         
 ,    
 ,  ,      ,  
:  " " 
     ,      , 
        
-
5.        
  ?   

:     :   
               ,  
 ,  -  , ,   ,       
       -            
,     '   ,      
 
   '      12      ,     
      ,   (   )    (,
      )        
  -- 
1.    
     
 ,       ,
,              
    :
a)  (0-2 )
                   - 
           !        
 : -      -    
      ,   , , 
   

2.
 :, , ,           
,             
 :     ,    
  
)   (2-6 )
                
      
 :    ( ,  ,   
)     (,  , )   
 :    ,      
           
  :         
      
c)    (6-12 )
  ,               
    ,        
    :   ,   
   
 :    ,     ,    , 
      
  :     ( 10-12) ,    
   ,    
:     -,        
      , 
      

2.    
   ,        '    
 , , ,       
  
             
    :
a)  (0-2 ):  
2.
   
:   ,  ,     
 
 :    ,          
       -          
 :      ,    
   
b)   (2-6 ):     
 :    ,       
   ,        
  :         
,           
 :     '       
     -   
  :       
 , "
"  
,        
c)    (6-12 ):   
 :            --
,       
 :     ,      , 
       
 :        , 
    
-:      -,     
   
:            ,
         , ,    
   
3.       
                
:
    :
      
 
 ,        
  :        , ,  
     
2.
    :      
 ,    ,       
 ,        ( ),   ,
      ( )    
4.       
          :
1. : ,   ,       
2. :      ;       
     
3. : ,   ,    
 
4.     :     
  
 
5. :           
6. :,         
5.        


 

0-2 
 , ,  

2-6 
 , ,   ,
-

6-12

 ,   , 

6.     
    ,   ,      
:
       
,        
       
      
2.
   : 
,    

    ,  -        
     ,      ,    
,         ,     
         -   ,
     
 
    , 
          
  -        ,       
 ,    
:        
6.          ?    
:󷨝󷨞󷨟󷨡󷨠󷨢   
   ?     
  :               
 ,            ,  
 ,            ,     
     ,         
 ,        ,       
       ,           
        ,        
      
2.
 
 ?           '  
 
  ?   , ,     
    -    
󷊆󷊇1.      
            
        ,       
 ,      ,        

        ,   '   



:         '       
         '     
       
󹶜󹶟󹶝󹶞󹶠󹶡󹶢󹶣󹶤󹶥󹶦󹶧2.   '  
 ,              
 , ,      
  
,  ""    
         
    -  
 ,  
          

:        ()        (,
)        ',         
 
󹳎󹳏3.  
     -     ,      ,   '
  
          
 
        
            
2.

:      -     
,           ,  
󷪏󷪐󷪑󷪒󷪓󷪔4.   
           
             
   
,       
    ""         



:            
     '          ' 
,
      
󻱾󻱿󻲀󻲁󷿉󻲂󼌤󻲄󼌥󻲅󻲆󼌦󼌧󻲇󻲈󻲉󼌨󻲊󻲋󻲌󼌩󼌪󼌫󼌬󻲍󻲎󻲏󻲐󻲑󻲒󻲓󻲔󻲕󼌭5.    
      ,       
   
     '   
  ,       
 
  -
   ,        



:                  ,
   

󻐬󻐭󻐮󻐯󻐰󻐱󻐲󻐳󻐴󻐵󻐶6.      
     
 -    
   , ,    
    
 ,             
       ,         
 

:             
   
     '  

󷨖󷨗󷨙󷨘7. - 
2.
            ,       
  
,        '  
  ,       
, ,         



:        ,     
   ,            
󸟯󷻰󸟰󸟱󸟲󷻴󷻵󷻶󷻷󷻸󷻹󸟳󸟴󸟵󸟶󸟷󸟸󸟹󸟺󸟻󸟼󸟽󸟾󸟿󷺪󷺫󷺬󷺭󷹸󷹹󷹺󷹻󷹼󷹽󷹾 8.    
        ,      
     -    
           
          

:                 
󼩏󼩐󼩑9.  
    -         
  :
   
     
     

:      '        '
   
        '  

󽀼󽀽󽁀󽁁󽀾󽁂󽀿󽁃10.  
    ,           
         
   ,          
           
 



:    ,  ,      
    ,           

2.
󷇮󷇭11.    
             
          

              
         ,      
󷩡󷩟󷩠12.     
           ,    
 
    ' 

           
     ;       '  
󼩺󼩻  -       


   
      
 
    
 
     
 
, 
  
    
   
,  
  
    
  
  - 

 
    
 
  
  
     
 
  
 
󹶓󹶔󹶕󹶖󹶗󹶘:    
          
 -  ,    
            ,     
   
2.
     
   ,  , 
,              , 
     
   
               - 
           ,    
     '  ,       
  
,       
-
7.           
:                
         
   ,   
     ,          ,  
 :  
,         ,  
 ,               
;               
  
 
1.  
    
  ,        
     
         
, -,      
      
 
    ,      
  ,  
       '  ,       ,
       
2.  -    
 - ,            
  ,     
 ,      
 
  :   ,      ,    
 ,              ,
     ,       
 :,           
   ,         
     
2.
 :       , 
   
      
3.   
   -      
   ,
 ,            ,   
   ,      
 ,  ,          
      ,    ,    
   
4.     
      
 ,         
  
 :
-    
   
    
     
           
,    
   ,    -      
5.     
      
,   ,   
       ,          :
     
      
     
     
  
,     -       
    
6.      
  ,   -      
,   ,   -      
2.
       -   
   
 - , -       
       ,    
          
           
   
 
7. -    
   -        
,             , , 
 - 
   :
,    ,         
     
    ' ,      
       ,     
 
8.     
  ,  ,        , 
       :
     
     
      
        
   
  '  ,        
 
9.  - 
    ,          
       , -   
       
 ,    ,
          
10.    
   
 :
2.
    
     
       
  -   
 ,      
 
11.  
 
  ',      :
 ,  ,       
             

   -       
 
      
      
 
12.    
 
               
:
        
   '     
      
 ,             
:       
2.

        ,   '   
 ,              
;    ,  ,      
          ,  , , ,
       -       
 ,           ,  
,    
   ,        
  ,             
   
8.          
:󷩷󷩸󷩹󷩺󷩻󷩼󷩽  :    
              
       ,           
      ,         -   
2.
    -     :    ,   
  ,  
      '        
   ,        ,   
,        
   ,      '      
   , 
       
󷇮󷇭      
          '     
  
:       ,      
 - 
            
     
  :      
;   
   ,       
   :       
      



:    1983     ,      
 -
            
󹼯󹼰󹼱󹼳󹼲  
         ,      
 " "   
-  (1971):           
    
 :          
     
     :        
         

:               
󺡭󺡮    
 ,        
1968  : -        
     " "      
2.
1980  :         
     
1984   :  ,      
 
   :  ,    
         



:        '    ,
            -      
 
󷩡󷩟󷩠   
     
 -         
  
 :          
  ,      
  :              
     
 :            ,
          

: 2008       
 -       
      
󹳎󹳏   
      ,     
            
-         
 
            
  

:           - 
     
    ,    
󽀼󽀽󽁀󽁁󽀾󽁂󽀿󽁃   
         
 
 :            (
,    )
2.
    :        
  
  :             
      ,      
 



:              ,
     
 -         
  
󹻦󹻧    
 ,         
  (1936 ):        ,
  - ,           

   :          
      
 :          
   
 

:    '       ,      
 
󼩺󼩻 
      
 :      ,    
,   '       
 :      ,     , 
         



:     ,        
  ,   ,         
󼪍󼪎󼪏󼪐󼪑󼪒󼪓  -   

    



    
   ,  


    
- ,  
2.

    
1968   ,  

  

,  

   
  , 
 
    
  ,  

  
 ,      
󹶓󹶔󹶕󹶖󹶗󹶘:  
     '            
   ,             

,     ,        

            , ,  
,      ,          ,  
       
"               

       ,         "